Importance of Cutaneous Vasculitis in Rheumatology
نویسنده
چکیده
Cutaneous vasculitis may present as a significant component of many systemic vasculitic syndromes such as rheumatoid vasculitis or anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated primary vasculitic syndromes like microscopic polyangiits. Cutaneous vasculitis manifested most often as palpable purpura or infiltrated erythema indicating dermal small vessel vasculitis and less commonly as nodular erythema, livedo reticularis, deep ulcers or digital gangrene suggesting subcutaneous muscular vessel vasculitis.Coexistence of dermal small vessel vasculitis and subcutaneous muscular vessel vasculitis usually indicated systemic vasculitis such as connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated vasculitis, ANCA associated vasculitis. Behcet’s disease, polyarteiritsnodosa, Cogan’s syndrome, and malignancy associated. An appropriate lesional skin biopsy is the key to obtaining the diagnosis. Treatment for cutaneous vasculitis should include devoid of the triggers (excessive standing, infection, drugs) and exclusion of vasculitis-like syndromes (psudovasculitis). In most instances, cutaneous vasculitis represents a self-limited condition and will be relieved by leg elevation, avoidance of standing and therapy with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs.For mild recurrent or persistent disease, colchicine and daps one are first-choice agents. Severe cutaneous and systemic disease requires more potent immunosuppression (prednisone plus azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide).The new biologic therapies that work via cytokine blockade or lymphocyte depletion such as tissue necrosis factor-inhibitor infliximab and the anti-B cell antibody rituximab, respectively, are showing benefit in certain settings such as CTD and ANCA associated vasculitis. Rheumatologists who are familiar with the complicated clinical and histopathological spectrum of cutaneous vasculitis and correlation of systemic vasculitis as well as the technique of skin biopsy will make the diagnosis earlier in vasculitis syndromes with skin involvement.
منابع مشابه
Epidemiology of Vasculitides in Khorasan Province, Iran
Vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of more than 20 diseases defined by inflammation and destruction of blood vessels. We aimed to study the demographic characteristics of the primary vasculitides in the North East of Iran. We retrospectively studied the medical records of patients diagnosed with any kind of vasculitis at the Clinic and Department of Rheumatology of the Imam Reza Hospital, M...
متن کاملWhen typical is atypical: mycobacterial infection mimicking cutaneous vasculitis.
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who present with skin disease pose the clinician with diagnostic challenges. The skin disease can reflect an increase in systemic disease activity suggested by other features of active lupus and, as such, usually responds well to more aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. Other possibilities of skin disease include drug eruptions, skin disease un...
متن کاملA Retrospective Analysis of Inflammatory Factors in Adult Patients With Cutaneous Vasculitis
Background: Cutaneous vasculitis is defined as the inflammation of blood vessels of the dermis. However cutaneous vasculitis is not a specific disease but a manifestation that can be seen in a variety of settings. We sought to review the clinical manifestations, laboratorial findings, pathological changes and etiologic association of cutaneous vasculitis in patients admitted to Dermatology Depa...
متن کاملLysosomal-associated membrane protein-2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary cutaneous vasculitis.
OBJECTIVES Recent research suggests that lysosomal-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2) could be one of the target antigens in the pathogenesis of vasculitides. We established a transgenic rat model, env-pX rats, with various vasculitides including cutaneous vasculitis. Human primary cutaneous vasculitis includes cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPN) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). We meas...
متن کاملUse of intravenous immunoglobulin in livedo vasculitis.
We describe a 36-year-old woman with livedo vasculitis (atrophie blanche) lasting for 15 years. After the failure of numerous therapeutic modalities the patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin. Significant resolution of the cutaneous lesions was seen with a concomitant alleviation of pain. To the best of our knowledge this is the first patient with livedo vasculitis described in the...
متن کامل